THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG TIẾNG ANH
1. Cấu trúc nguyên mẫu sau động từ bị động.
1.1. Sau các động từ: acknowledge, assume, believe, claim, consider, estimate, feel, find, know, presume, report, say, think, understand…
- Các kiểu câu như: people consider/know/think...that he is... có thể có hai hình thức bị
động.
+ It is considered/known/thought...that he is...
+ He is considered/known/thought...to be...
Ví dụ:
- People said that he was jealous of her.
- It was said that he was jealous of her.
- He was said to be jealous of her.
to be mặc dù đôi khi các nguyên mẫu khác có thể được dùng.
Ví dụ:
- He is thought to have information which will be useful to the police.
Ví dụ:
- People know that he was a famous actor.
- It is known that he was a famous actor.
- He is known to have been a famous actor.
- Suppose ở thể bị động có thể được theo sau bởi nguyên mẫu hiện tại của bất cứ động từ nào nhưng cấu trúc này thường chuyển tải ý nghĩa của bổn phận và do đó không tương đương với suppose ở chủ động cách.
Ví dụ:
- You are supposed to know how to drive.
- It is your duty to know how to drive.
- You should know how to drive.
thành của bất cứ động từ nào. Cấu trúc này có thể chuyển tải ý nghĩa về bổn phận nhưng thường thì không.
Ví dụ:
- He is supposed to have escaped by disguising as a woman. - People suppose that he escaped by disguising woman.
Ví dụ:
- He is believed/known/said/supposed/thought to be living abroad.
People believe/know/say/suppose/think that he is living abroad. - You are supposed to be working.
You should have been working.
Ví dụ:
- He is believed to have been waiting for a message.
People believe that he was waiting for a message. - You are supposed to have been working.
You should have been working.
to be + allowed/permitted + to do
- He let me go.
I was allowed/ permitted to go.
have/get + something + Past Participle
Ví dụ:
- We must have/get another key made.
- John is having/getting his photos developed.
Ví dụ:
- There is a lot of work to do/to be done.
- There are some letters to write/ to be written to day.
Ví dụ:
- The windows need cleaning/tobe cleaned.
- The room needs re-decorating/to be re-decorated.
Ví dụ:
- Lots of postmen get bitten by dogs.
- How did the painting get damaged?
Ví dụ:
- We heard him to come in. - He was heard to come in.
- I saw her cross the street. - She was seen to cross the street.
- used to + verb -> used to + be + past participle
Ví dụ:
- They used to start these engines by hand but now they start them by electricity. - These engines used to be started by hand but now they are started by electricity.
Ví dụ:
- We shall have to tow the car to the garage. - The car will have to be towed to the garage.
Ví dụ:
- They are going to repair the roof of the house. - The roof of the house is going to be repaired.
Ví dụ:
- They used to make little boys climb the chimneys to clean them. - Little boys used to be made to climb the chimneys to clean them.
Ví dụ:
- It’s high time someone told him to stop behaving like a child. - It’s high time he was told to stop behaving like a child.
Sưu tầm
Thực hành: Bài tập câu bị động trong tiếng Anh
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