Phân biệt cách sử dụng "Must" và "Have to"

[Butchi]

PHÂN BIỆT CÁCH SỬ DỤNG MUST VÀ HAVE TO​

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Trong bài học này chúng ta sẽ học cách sử dụng đúng "must" và "have to". Cả hai động từ này đều có nghĩa là "phải". Tuy nhiên, sử dụng chúng cụ thể thế nào. Chúng ta cùng theo dõi:

A. Chúng ta sử dụng must và have to để nói về sự cần thiết phải làm việc gì đó. Đôi khi bạn sử dụng động từ nào cũng được:

- Oh, it's later than I thought. I must go. hoặc I have to go.

Nhưng có một sự khác biệt giữa must và have to và đôi khi sự khác biệt này rất quan trọng:

View attachment 10782
Nếu bạn không chắc chắn sử dụng động từ nào, thì sử dụng have to sẽ an toàn hơn:

Bạn có thể sử dụng must để nói về hiện tại hoặc tương lai, nhưng không dùng cho quá khứ:

- We must go now.
- We must go tomorrow. (không nói 'We must go yesterday')

Bạn có thể sử dụng have to ở tất cả các thì, thức. Ví dụ:

- I had to go to hospital. (past)
- Have you ever had to go to hospital? (Present Perfect)
- I might have to go to hospital. (infinitive after might)

Trong câu hỏi và câu phủ định với have to, chúng ta thường sử dụng do/does/did:

- What do I have to do to get a driving licence? (không dùng 'What have I to do?')
- Why did you have to go to hospital?
- Karen doesn't have to work on Saturdays.

Mustn't và don't have to hoàn toàn khác nhau:

View attachment 10783
Bạn có thể sử dụng 'have got to' thay cho 'have to'. Vì vậy bạn có thể nói:

- I've got to work tomorrow. hoặc I have to work tomorrow.
- When has Ann got to go? hoặc When does Ann have to go?

 

[Butchi]

Bài tập thực hành

BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
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Bài 1: Complete these sentences with must or have to (in the correct form). Sometimes it is possible to use either; sometimes only have to is possible.

1. It's later than I thought. I .........must... or ........have to........... go now.
2. Jack left before the end of the meeting. He ...........had to ...........go home early.
3. In Britain many children. ...........................wear uniform when they go to school.
4. When you come to London again, you............................come and see us.
5. Last night Don became ill suddenly. We............................. call a doctor.
6. You really.............................. work harder if you want to pass the examination.
7. I'm afraid I can't come tomorrow. I.. ............................work late.
8. I'm sorry I couldn't come yesterday. I ............................... work late.
9. Paul doesn't like his new job. Sometimes he..............................work at weekends.
10. Caroline may ........................... go away next week.
11. We couldn't repair the car ourselves. We............................ take it to a garage.
12. Julia wears glasses. She.................................wear glasses since she was very young.


Bài 2: Make questions with have to.

1. I had to go to hospital last week. ................................Why ....................did you have to go to hospital?................
2. I have to get up early tomorrow. ..................................Why.......................................... early?
3. Ann has to go somewhere now. ..................................Where ....................... she .................................................
4. George had to pay a parking fine yesterday. ................How much...........................................................................
5. I had to wait a long time for the bus. ............................How long ............................................................................
6. I have to phone my sister now. .....................................Why ..................................................................................
7. Paul has to leave soon. ...............................................What time...........................................................................


Bài 3: Complete these sentences using don't/doesn't/didn't have to + one of these verbs:

do ..........get up ..........go ........go ............pay ..........shave ............wait ..............work

1. I'm not working tomorrow, so I .................don't have to get up.............to early.
2. The car park is free-you............................ to park your car there.
3. I went to the bank this morning. There was no queue, so I .....................................
4. Sally is extremely rich. She ..............................................................................
5. We've got plenty of time. We............................................................................... yet.
6. Jack has got a beard, so he ....................................................................................
7., I'm not particularly busy. I've got a few things to do but I....................................................them now.
8. A man was slightly injured in the accident but he...........................................to hospital.


Bài 4: Complete these sentences with mustn't or don't/doesn't have to.

1. I don't want anyone to know. You...................mustn't....................... tell anyone.
2 He doesn't have to wear a suit to work but he usually does.
3. I can stay in bed tomorrow morning because I .............................. go to work.
4. Whatever you do, you ............................ touch that switch. It's very dangerous.
5. There's a lift in the building, so we ...............................climb the stairs.
6. You ............................... forget what I told you. It's very important.
7. Sue ........................ get up early. She gets up early because she wants to,
8. Don't make so much noise. We ............................ wake the baby.
9. I ......................... eat too much. I'm supposed to be on a diet.
10. You......................be a good player to enjoy a game of tennis.

ĐÁP ÁN

Spoiler

Bài 1


3 have to

4 must or have to

5 had to

6 must or have to

7 have to

8 have to

9 has to

10 have to

11 had to

12 has had to

Bài 2

2 do you have to get up/have you got to get up

3 does (she) have to go?/has (she) got to go?

4 did he have to pay?

5 did you have to wait?

6 do you have to phone her now?/have you got to phone her now?

7 does he have to leave?/has he got to leave?

Bài 3

2 don't have to pay

3 didn't have to wait

4 doesn't have to work

5 don't have to go

6 doesn't have to shave

7 don't have to do

8 didn't have to go

Bài 4

3 don't have to

4 mustn't

5 don't have to

6 mustn't

7 doesn't have to

8 mustn't

9 mustn't

10 don't have to