Cách sử dụng Must và Can't

[Butchi]

CÁCH SỬ DỤNG MUST VÀ CAN'T​

A. Nghiên cứu ví dụ sau:

View attachment 10774

Chúng ta sử dụng must để nói rằng chúng ta cảm thấy điều gì đó là đúng:

- You've been travelling all day. You must be tired.
(Travelling is tiring and you've been travelling all day, so you must be tired.)
- 'Jim is a hard worker.' 'Jim? A hard worker? You must be joking. He's very lazy.'
- Carol must get very bored in her job. She does the same thing every day.

Chúng ta sử dụng can't để nói rằng chúng ta cảm thấy một điều gì đó là không thể:

- You've just had lunch. You can't be hungry already.
(People are not normally hungry just after eating a meal. You've just eaten, so you can't be hungry.)
- Brian said he would definitely be here before 9.30. It's 10 o'clock now and he's never late. He can't be coming.
- They haven't lived here for very long. They can't know many people.

Nghiên cứu cấu trúc:

View attachment 10775

B. Với thì quá khứ chúng ta sử dụng must have (done) và can't have (done). Nghiên cứu ví dụ sau:

View attachment 10776

George đang ở bên ngoài nhà bạn anh ấy.
Anh ta đã nhấn chuông ba lần nhưng không có ai trả lời.

They must have gone out. (nếu không thì họ đã trả lời)

- The phone rang but I didn't hear it. I must have been asleep.
- I've lost one of my gloves. I must have dropped it somewhere.
- Jane walked past me without speaking. She can't have seen me.
- Tom walked straight into a wall. He can't have been looking where he was going.

Nghiên cứu cấu trúc câu:

View attachment 10777

Couldn't have… cũng có thể được sử dụng thay cho can't have…:

- She couldn't have seen me.
- Tom couldn't have been looking where he was going.

 

[Butchi]

Bài tập thực hành

BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH
​

Bài 1: Put in must or can't.

1. You've been travelling all day. You....... must be very tired.............
2. That restaurant .................................. be very good. It's always full of people.
3. That restaurant ...........................be very good. It's always empty.
4. You're going on holiday next week. You ........................be looking forward to it.
5. It rained every day during their holiday, so they....................... have had a very nice time.
6. Congratulations on passing your exam. You........................ be very pleased.
7. You got here very quickly. You........................ have walked very fast.
8. Bill and Sue go away on holiday very often, so they...........................be short of money.


Bài 2: Complete the sentences with a verb in the correct form.

1. I've lost one of my gloves. I must ...........have dropped........... it somewhere.
2. They haven't lived here for long. They can't............ know............. many people.
3. Ted isn't at work today. He must...........................ill.
4. Ted wasn't at work last week. He must............................ ill.
5. (The doorbell rings) I wonder who that is. It can't ........................ Mary. She's still at work at this time.
6. Carol knows a lot about films. She must.......................... to the cinema a lot.
7. Look. Jack is putting on his hat and coat. He must..........................out.
8. I left my bike outside the house last night and this morning it isn't there any more. Somebody must ................... it.
9. Ann was in a very difficult situation. It can't............................easy for her.
10. There is a man walking behind us. He has been walking behind us for the last 20 minutes. He must .............................us.


Bài 3: Read the situations and use the words in brackets to write sentences with must have and can't have.

1. The phone rang but I didn't hear it. (I/asleep)
...........................I must have been asleep.................................................
2. Jane walked past me without speaking. (she/see/me)
............................She can't have seen me..................................................
3. The jacket you bought is very good quality. (it/very expensive)
...................................................................................................................................................
4. I haven't seen the people next door for ages. (they/go away)
...................................................................................................................................................
5. I can't find my umbrella. (I/leave/it in the restaurant last night)
...................................................................................................................................................
6. Don passed the exam without studying for it. (the exam/very difficult)
....................................................................................................................................................
7. She knew everything about our plans. (she/listen/to our conversation)
....................................................................................................................................................
8. Fiona did the opposite of what I asked her to do. (she/understand/what I said)
.....................................................................................................................................................
9. When I woke up this morning, the light was on. (I/forget/to turn it off)
.....................................................................................................................................................
10. The lights were red but the car didn't stop. (the driver I see/the red light)
......................................................................................................................................................
11. I was woken up in the middle of the night by the noise next door. (the neighbours/have/a party)
......................................................................................................................................................



ĐÁP ÁN

Spoiler

Bài 1

2 must 3 can't

4 must 5 can't

6 must 7 must 8 can't

Bài 2

3 be

4 have been

5 be

6 go or have been

7 be going

8 have taken/have stolen

9 have been

10 be following

Bài 3

3 It must have been very expensive.

4 They must have gone away.

5 I must have left it in the restaurant last night.

6 The exam can't have been very difficult.

7 She must have been listening to our conversation./She must have listened to.

8 She can't have understood what I said.

9 I must have forgotten to turn it off.

10 The driver can't have seen the red light.

11 The neighbours must have been having a party.