Cách sử dụng "had better" và "It 's time..."

[Butchi]

CÁCH SỬ DỤNG "HAD BETTER" VÀ "IT "S TIME..."
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A. Had better (I'd better / you'd better etc.)

I'd better do something: Tôi nên làm một việc gì đó thì hơn. Nếu tôi không làm tôi gặp rắc rối hoặc trục trặc:

- I have to meet Ann in ten minutes. I'd better go now or I'll be late.
- ‘Shall I take an umbrella?’ ‘Yes, you'd better. It might rain.’
- We'd better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost empty.

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Phủ định là I'd better not (= I had better not):

- A: Are you going out tonight?
- B: I'd better not. I've got a lot of work to do.
- You don't look very well. You'd better not go to work today.

Bạn có thể sử dụng had better khi bạn cảnh báo ai đó rằng họ phải làm việc gì đó:

- You'd better be on time. / You'd better not be late. (or I'll be very angry)

Chú ý rằng:

Mẫu câu là ‘had better’ (thường là ‘I'd better / you'd better’...trong văn nói):

I'd better phone Carol, hadn't I?

Had là dạng quá khứ, nhưng trong trường hợp này nghĩa của nó là ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai chứ không phải quá khứ:

- I'd better go to the bank now/tomorrow.

We say ‘I'd better do…’ (không nói ‘to do’):

- It might rain. We'd better take an umbrella. (không nói ‘we'd better to take’)

B. Had better và should

Had better giống với should (see TẠI ĐÂY) nhưng không giống hoàn toàn.

Chúng ta chỉ sử dụng had better trong những tình huống cụ thể (không sử dụng cho những điều chung chung).

Bạn có thể sử dụng should trong tất cả các loại trường hợp để đưa ra ý kiến hoặc lời khuyên:

- It's cold today. You'd better wear a coat when you go out. (một trường hợp cụ thể)
- I think all drivers should wear seat belts, (một trường hợp chung chung - không nói ‘had better wear’)

Cũng vậy, với had better, luôn có một sự nguy hiểm hoặc trục trặc nếu bạn không nghe theo lời khuyên. Should chỉ có nghĩa ‘một điều tốt để làm’. So sánh:

- It's a great film. You should go and see it. (nhưng không có nguy hiểm hay trục trặc gì nếu bạn không đi)
- The film starts at 8.30. You'd better go now or you'll be late.

C. It's time…

Bạn có thể nói ‘It's time (for somebody) to do something’:

- It's time to go home. / It's time for us to go home.

Bạn cũng có thể nói:

- It's late. It's time we went home.

Ở đây chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ (went) nhưng nghĩa vẫn là hiện tại, không phải quá khứ:

- It's 10 o'clock and he's still in bed. It's time he got up. (not ‘It's time he gets up’)

It's time you did something = ‘you should have done it already or started it’. Chúng ta thường sử dụng mẫu câu này để phê bình hay than phiền:

- It's time the children were in bed. It's long after their bedtime.
- The windows are very dirty. I think it's time we cleaned them.

Bạn cũng có thể nói: It's about time… / It's high time… . điều này làm cho việc phê bình trở nên mạnh mẽ hơn:

- Jack is a great talker. But it's about time he did something instead of just talking.
- You're very selfish. It's high time you realised that you're not the most important person in the world.

 

[Butchi]

Bài tập thực hành

BÀI TẬP THỰC HÀNH​

Bài 1: Complete the sentences. Sometimes you need only one word, sometimes two.

1. a I need some money. I'd better ............go.............to the bank.
b John is expecting you to phone him. You...................better do it now.
c 'Shall I leave the window open?' 'No, you'd better .................... it.'
d We'd better leave as soon as possible, .......................... we?

2. a It's time the government .................................. something about the problem.
b It's time something ..................................about the problem.
c I think it's about time you .................................about me instead of only thinking about yourself.


Bài 2: Read the situations and write sentences with had better. Use the words in brackets.

1. You're going out for a walk with Tom. It might rain. You say to Tom:
(an umbrella) ..............We'd better take an umbrella..........................
2. Jack has just cut himself. It's quite a bad cut. You say to him:
(a plaster) ................................................................................................................................................
3. You and Ann plan to go to a restaurant this evening. It's a very popular restaurant. You say to Ann: (reserve) We ..............................................................................................
4. Jill doesn't look very well - not well enough to go to work. You say to her:
(work) ......................................................................................................................
5. You received your phone bill four weeks ago but you haven't paid it yet. If you don't pay very soon, you could be in trouble. You say to yourself: (pay) .......................................................................................................................
6. You want to go out but you're expecting an important phone call. You say to your friend: (go out) I ...................................................................................................................................
7. You and Fiona are going to the theatre. You've missed the bus and you don't want to be late.
You say to Fiona: (a taxi) ...........................................................................................................................


Bài 3: Put in had better or should. Sometimes either is possible.

1. I have an appointment in ten minutes. ..............I'd better..................... go now or I'll be late.
2. It's a great film. You...............should...................... go and see it. You'll really like it.
3. I .............................get up early tomorrow. I've got a lot to do.
4. When people are driving, they............................... keep their eyes on the road.
5. Thank you for coming to see us. You.......................... come more often.
6. She'll be upset if we don't invite her to the wedding, so we ...............................invite her.
7. These biscuits are delicious. You ................................ try one.
8. I think everybody................................. learn a foreign language.


Bài 4: Read the situations and write sentences with It's time (somebody did something).

1. You think the children should be in bed. It's already 11 o'clock.
...................It's time the children were in bed......................................................
2. You haven't had a holiday for a very long time. You need one now.
It's time I...................................................................................................................................
3. You're waiting for Mary. She is late. Why isn't she here yet?
It's time she..............................................................................................................................
4. You're sitting on a train waiting for it to leave the station. It's already five minutes late.
...............................................................................................................................................
5. You enjoy having parties. You haven't had one for a long time.
................................................................................................................................................
6. The company you work for is badly run. You think there should be some changes.
.................................................................................................................................................


ĐÁP ÁN

Spoiler

Bài 1

1 b. had or 'd

c. close or shut

d. hadn't

2 a. did

b. was done

c. thought

Bài 2

2 You'd better put a plaster on it.

3 We'd better reserve a table./We'd better phone to reserve ...

4 You'd better not go to work.

5 I'd better pay the phone bill. or ... pay my phone bill.

6 I'd better not go out.

7 We'd better take a taxi. or ... get a taxi

Bài 3

3 had better/'d better or should

4 should

5 should

6 had better/'d better

7 should

8 should

Bài 4

2 had a holiday.

3 was here.

4 It's time the train left.

5 It's time I had a party.

6 It's time some changes were made./It's time there were some changes.