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Nội dung: <blockquote data-quote="Butchi" data-source="post: 92789" data-attributes="member: 7">Saving Reindeer and a Community in Mongolia[MP3]https://server1.vnkienthuc.com/files/3/Media/voa-se-dev-mongolia-31aug08.mp3[/MP3]This is the VOA Special English DEVELOPMENT REPORT.In far northern Mongolia, the survival of the smallest [A]ethnic group[/A] in the country depends on reindeer.An  American named Morgan Keay visited the Tsaatan [A]community[/A] when she was  studying in Mongolia in two thousand two. Leaders told her that the  animals were not healthy and the number of [A]reindeer[/A] was getting too  small to support the community.When she left, the chief gave her  his grandfather's smoking pipe. That way she would [A]remember[/A] the Tsaatan  and try to help them. The Tsaatan have about five hundred members. About  half are reindeer herders up in the Taiga mountains. The other half  live in a town.Back in the United States, Morgan Keay and a  friend who had also studied in Mongolia started an [A]organization[/A]. They  named it Itgel -- the Mongolian word for hope.The Itgel  Foundation has helped bring foreign scientists to Mongolia to research  and treat reindeer diseases. Itgel also helped Tsaatan workers build a  community and visitor center. The building includes [A]guest rooms[/A] for  tourists.The Tsaatan not only work as guides, they now [A]provide[/A]  all services for travelers. The community works in partnership with  international tour operators. Those tour operators had formerly been in  control of the services.People in the community designed the  center, which they also own and manage. Before the visitor center was  built, families earned an average of one hundred dollars a year. Now  Morgan Keay says the average is three to four times that. Money also  goes into a community fund.Four years ago the Tsaatan had fewer than five hundred reindeer. Now Morgan Keay says the[A] herd[/A] has just reached nine hundred.Last  year, the Tsaatan learned that the government of Mongolia planned to  spend one and a half million dollars on their community. But no one had  talked to the Tsaatan about the plans. The Itgel Foundation organized a  meeting between community members and[A] government representatives[/A].Morgan  Keay says the Tsaatan are becoming economically independent for the  first time. The Mongolian government is now considering a[A] development  plan[/A] written by the community. The plan deals with education, health,  the environment and [A]economics[/A].And that's the VOA Special English DEVELOPMENT REPORT, written by Karen Leggett. For pictures, transcripts and MP3 archives of our reports, go to voaspecialenglish.com.</blockquote>

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