2 Exercises
1 Parts of the sentence (A)
Mike and Harriet are on holiday. They have written a postcard to David and Melanie. Look at each
underlined phrase and say what part of the sentence it is: subject, verb, object, complement or adverbial.
► We're having a great time. object
1 The weather is marvellous. 4 We're on a farm.
2 We really enjoy camping. 5 We like this place.
3 It's great fun. 6 The scenery is beautiful.
2 Sentence structure (A)
After moving the piano, the five friends had a rest and a cup of tea.
Look at this part of their conversation and then write the letters a)- e) in the correct place.
a David: That was a difficult job.
b Tom: I agree.
c Mike: I'm on my deathbed.
d David: Someone should give us a medal.
e Harriet: I've made some more tea.
► Subject + verb b
1 Subject + verb + object
2 Subject + verb + complement
3 Subject + verb + adverbial
4 Subject + verb + object + object ...........
3 Word order (A)
Put the words in the correct order and write the statements.
► is / Melanie / very nice Melanie is very nice.
1 football / likes / Tom ………………………………………………
2 an accident / David / had ………………………………………………
3 moved / the piano / we ………………………………………………..
4 a tall woman / Harriet / is ………………………………………………..
5 sat / on the floor / everyone ………………………………………………..
6 gave / some help / Mike's friends / him .............................................................................
4 Adverbials (B)
These sentences are from a news report. Write down the two adverbials in each sentence.
Each adverbial is a prepositional phrase or an adverb.
► Prince Charles opened a new sports in Stoke
centre in Stoke yesterday. yesterday
1 He also spoke with several young
people.
2 The sports centre was first
planned in 1994.
3 Naturally, the local council could not
finance the project without help.
4 Fortunately, they managed to obtain
money from the National Lottery.
3 Direct and indirect objects
A Introduction
Henry gave Claire some flowers. Here the verb
give has two objects. Claire is the indirect object,
the person receiving something. Some flowers is
the direct object, the thing that someone gives.
Here are some more examples of the two structures.
INDIRECT OBJECT DIRECT OBJECT
Emma gave Rachel a CD.
I'll send my cousin a postcard.
We bought all the children an ice-cream.
DIRECT OBJECT
Emma gave the CD I'll
send a postcard We
bought ice-creams
PHRASE WITH TO/FOR
to Rachel.
to my cousin.
for all the children.
B To or for?
We give something to someone, and we buy something for someone.
We can use to with these verbs: bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay,
post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write
Vicky paid the money to the cashier, OR Vicky paid the cashier the money. Let
me read this news item to you. OR Let me read you this news item. We showed
the photos to David, OR We showed David the photos.
We can use for with these verbs: book, bring, build, buy, choose, cook,
fetch, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, reserve, save
They found a spare ticket for me. OR They found me a spare ticket.
I've saved a seat for you. OR I've saved you a seat.
Melanie is making a cake for David, OR Melanie is making David a cake.
C Give + pronoun
Sometimes there is a pronoun and a noun after a verb such as give.
The pronoun usually comes before the noun.
Henry is very fond of Claire. He gave
her some flowers.
We use her because Claire is mentioned earlier. Her
comes before some flowers.
Henry gave some flowers to Claire. Here give
has a direct object (some flowers) and a phrase
with to. To comes before Claire, the person
receiving something.
Henry bought some flowers. He gave
them to Claire.
We use them because the flowers are mentioned
earlier. Them comes before Claire.
3
► Harriet gave Mike a watch.
Indirect object or to? (A)
Write the information in one sentence. Put the underlined part at the end of the sentence.
Sometimes you need to.
? Daniel lent something to Vicky. It was his calculator. —> Daniel lent Vicky his calculator.
? Mark sent a message. It was to his boss. —> Mark sent a message to his boss.
1 Emma sold her bike. Her sister bought it. —> Emma
2 Tom told the joke. He told all his friends. —> Tom ...................
3 Melanie gave some help. She helped her neighbour. —► Melanie
4 Ilona wrote to her teacher. She wrote a letter. —> Ilona ................................................
3 To or for? (B)
Mark's boss at Zedco is Mr Atkins. He is telling people to do things. Put in to or for.
? Give these papers to my secretary. 3 Don't show these plans anyone.
? Could you make some coffee for us? 4 Leave a message my secretary.
1 Book a flight me, could you? 5 Fetch the file me, could you?
2 Can you post this cheque . . the hotel? 6 Write a memo all managers.
4, Give + pronoun (C)
Complete each answer using the words in brackets. Sometimes you need to use to or for.
? Matthew: Why is everyone laughing? (a funny story / us)
Vicky: Daniel told us a funny story.
? Trevor: There's some fish left over, (it / the cat)
Laura: I'll feed it to the cat.
1 Mark: What are you doing with those bottles? (them / the bottle bank)
Sarah: I'm taking .......................................................................................................
2 Trevor: How are things with you, Daniel? (a job / me)
Daniel: Fine. Someone has offered .......................................................................................................
3 David: What about those papers you found? (them / the police)
Tom: Oh, I handed
4 Emma: It's pouring with rain, look, (my umbrella / you)
Rachel: It's OK. I'll lend ..........................................................................................................
3 Exercises
l Give (A)
Look at the Christmas presents and write
1 Parts of the sentence (A)
Mike and Harriet are on holiday. They have written a postcard to David and Melanie. Look at each
underlined phrase and say what part of the sentence it is: subject, verb, object, complement or adverbial.
► We're having a great time. object
1 The weather is marvellous. 4 We're on a farm.
2 We really enjoy camping. 5 We like this place.
3 It's great fun. 6 The scenery is beautiful.
2 Sentence structure (A)
After moving the piano, the five friends had a rest and a cup of tea.
Look at this part of their conversation and then write the letters a)- e) in the correct place.
a David: That was a difficult job.
b Tom: I agree.
c Mike: I'm on my deathbed.
d David: Someone should give us a medal.
e Harriet: I've made some more tea.
► Subject + verb b
1 Subject + verb + object
2 Subject + verb + complement
3 Subject + verb + adverbial
4 Subject + verb + object + object ...........
3 Word order (A)
Put the words in the correct order and write the statements.
► is / Melanie / very nice Melanie is very nice.
1 football / likes / Tom ………………………………………………
2 an accident / David / had ………………………………………………
3 moved / the piano / we ………………………………………………..
4 a tall woman / Harriet / is ………………………………………………..
5 sat / on the floor / everyone ………………………………………………..
6 gave / some help / Mike's friends / him .............................................................................
4 Adverbials (B)
These sentences are from a news report. Write down the two adverbials in each sentence.
Each adverbial is a prepositional phrase or an adverb.
► Prince Charles opened a new sports in Stoke
centre in Stoke yesterday. yesterday
1 He also spoke with several young
people.
2 The sports centre was first
planned in 1994.
3 Naturally, the local council could not
finance the project without help.
4 Fortunately, they managed to obtain
money from the National Lottery.
3 Direct and indirect objects
A Introduction
Henry gave Claire some flowers. Here the verb
give has two objects. Claire is the indirect object,
the person receiving something. Some flowers is
the direct object, the thing that someone gives.
Here are some more examples of the two structures.
INDIRECT OBJECT DIRECT OBJECT
Emma gave Rachel a CD.
I'll send my cousin a postcard.
We bought all the children an ice-cream.
DIRECT OBJECT
Emma gave the CD I'll
send a postcard We
bought ice-creams
PHRASE WITH TO/FOR
to Rachel.
to my cousin.
for all the children.
B To or for?
We give something to someone, and we buy something for someone.
We can use to with these verbs: bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay,
post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write
Vicky paid the money to the cashier, OR Vicky paid the cashier the money. Let
me read this news item to you. OR Let me read you this news item. We showed
the photos to David, OR We showed David the photos.
We can use for with these verbs: book, bring, build, buy, choose, cook,
fetch, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, reserve, save
They found a spare ticket for me. OR They found me a spare ticket.
I've saved a seat for you. OR I've saved you a seat.
Melanie is making a cake for David, OR Melanie is making David a cake.
C Give + pronoun
Sometimes there is a pronoun and a noun after a verb such as give.
The pronoun usually comes before the noun.
Henry is very fond of Claire. He gave
her some flowers.
We use her because Claire is mentioned earlier. Her
comes before some flowers.
Henry gave some flowers to Claire. Here give
has a direct object (some flowers) and a phrase
with to. To comes before Claire, the person
receiving something.
Henry bought some flowers. He gave
them to Claire.
We use them because the flowers are mentioned
earlier. Them comes before Claire.
3
► Harriet gave Mike a watch.
Indirect object or to? (A)
Write the information in one sentence. Put the underlined part at the end of the sentence.
Sometimes you need to.
? Daniel lent something to Vicky. It was his calculator. —> Daniel lent Vicky his calculator.
? Mark sent a message. It was to his boss. —> Mark sent a message to his boss.
1 Emma sold her bike. Her sister bought it. —> Emma
2 Tom told the joke. He told all his friends. —> Tom ...................
3 Melanie gave some help. She helped her neighbour. —► Melanie
4 Ilona wrote to her teacher. She wrote a letter. —> Ilona ................................................
3 To or for? (B)
Mark's boss at Zedco is Mr Atkins. He is telling people to do things. Put in to or for.
? Give these papers to my secretary. 3 Don't show these plans anyone.
? Could you make some coffee for us? 4 Leave a message my secretary.
1 Book a flight me, could you? 5 Fetch the file me, could you?
2 Can you post this cheque . . the hotel? 6 Write a memo all managers.
4, Give + pronoun (C)
Complete each answer using the words in brackets. Sometimes you need to use to or for.
? Matthew: Why is everyone laughing? (a funny story / us)
Vicky: Daniel told us a funny story.
? Trevor: There's some fish left over, (it / the cat)
Laura: I'll feed it to the cat.
1 Mark: What are you doing with those bottles? (them / the bottle bank)
Sarah: I'm taking .......................................................................................................
2 Trevor: How are things with you, Daniel? (a job / me)
Daniel: Fine. Someone has offered .......................................................................................................
3 David: What about those papers you found? (them / the police)
Tom: Oh, I handed
4 Emma: It's pouring with rain, look, (my umbrella / you)
Rachel: It's OK. I'll lend ..........................................................................................................
3 Exercises
l Give (A)
Look at the Christmas presents and write
