CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN KHÔNG CÓ THẬT Ở QUÁ KHỨ
If I had known...I wish I had known...
A. Nghiên cứu ví dụ sau:
When you are talking about the past, you use if + had ('d)… (if I had known/been/done etc.):
- I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello. (but I didn't see you)
- I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn't been so tired. (but I was tired)
- If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall. (but he wasn't looking)
- The view was wonderful. If I'd had a camera, I would have taken some photographs. (but I didn't have a camera)
So sánh:
- I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something. (now)
- I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something. (past)
B. Không sử dụng would trong mệnh đề có if của câu. Chúng ta sử dụng would trong mệnh đề kia của câu:
- If I had seen you, I would have said hello. (không nói ‘If I would have seen you’)
Chú ý rằng 'd có thể là would hoặc had:
- If I'd seen you. (I'd seen = I had seen)
- I'd have said hello. (I'd have said = I would have said)
C. Chúng ta sử dụng had (done) theo cùng một cách sau wish. I wish something had happened = I am sorry that it didn't happen:
- I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn't know)
- I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake)
- Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science)
- The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer.
Không sử dụng would have… sau wish trong những câu này:
- I wish it had been warmer. (không nói ‘I wish it would have been’)
D. So sánh would (do) và would have (done):
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now - present)
- If I had gone to the party last night, I would have met lots of people. (I didn't meet lots of people - past)
So sánh would have, could have và might have:
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