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Nội dung: <blockquote data-quote="Butchi" data-source="post: 93845" data-attributes="member: 7">Animal Diseases: Foot-and-mouth, Bluetongue and Rinderpest [MP3]https://server1.vnkienthuc.com/files/3/Media/se-ag-rinderpest-101507.mp3[/MP3]This is the VOA Special English AGRICULTURE REPORT.Rinderpest,[A] foot-and-mouth disease[/A] and bluetongue disease are all [A]animal viruses[/A] that can ruin a farmer.An  outbreak of one disease is bad enough. Britain has been dealing with  foot-and-mouth  --  and now its first cases of bluetongue. United  Nations officials see the recent arrival of that virus in the United  Kingdom as another [A]sign[/A] of a [A]bigger problem[/A].The [A]Food and  Agriculture Organization[/A] says animal diseases once limited to warm,[A]  tropical climates[/A] are on the rise around the world. It says countries  need to [A]invest[/A] more to control them. It says things like the  globalization of trade, the [A]movement[/A] of people and goods and probably  also climate change may only further their spread.Bluetongue can  kill sheep and cattle and other[A] ruminant animals[/A] like goats and deer. It  does not affect humans. The virus is spread by small biting flies  called midges.It was first [A]discovered[/A] in South Africa. It spread  widely and by the end of the nineteen nineties had crossed the  Mediterranean. Since last year, [A]bluetongue[/A] has been found in several  countries in northern Europe.There are safe vaccines against forms of the southern virus, but not yet for the [A]northern one[/A].But  there is better news about one of the deadliest of all [A]animal diseases[/A]:  rinderpest. Some experts are hopeful that the world can be declared  free of it by two thousand ten. This is the [A]goal[/A] of the Global  Rinderpest Eradication Program. Vaccines have helped speed the progress.Rinderpest  can lead to [A]starvation[/A] in areas where people depend on cattle and [A]buffalo[/A] for food and work. In the eighteen hundreds, it killed eighty to  ninety percent of cattle in southern Africa. After another epidemic in  the nineteen eighties, thirty-four African nations combined their [A]efforts[/A] to fight the disease.Rinderpest has also struck hard in central Asia, where it[A] started[/A]. There have still been some outbreaks in recent years.But  the World Organization for Animal Health has declared most nations in  the world free of [A]rinderpest[/A]. They have not reported a case for at least  five years.Some other nations have declared themselves free of  it for at least two years. But they still need [A]official recognition[/A] for  trade purposes.Other animals affected by rinderpest  include  yaks, sheep, goats and some[A] pigs[/A]. It can spread through the air. It can  also spread through water [A]infected[/A] with waste from sick animals. Some  animals [A]die[/A] after just a day or two.And that's the VOA Special English AGRICULTURE REPORT, written by Jerilyn Watson. I'm Steve Ember.</blockquote>

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